http://alternativeed.sjsu.edu Comprehensive website which includes teacher training resources

Session 1
http://www.ncsu.edu/cpsv/qareplace.htm
Quality Alternative Placements for Suspended or Expelled Students: "Lessons Learned" from the Center for the Prevention of School Violence’s Youth Out of the Education Mainstream Initiative
Center for the Prevention of School Violence (CPSV)

Berman, DS, Dans-Berman J, (1995). Outdoor education and troubled youth. ERIC Digest
ERIC Identifier: ED385425
Publication Date: 1995-08-00

Bryant, M. (1993). America's alternative schools: Prototypes for new public schools. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the University Council for Educational Administration, Houston, TX. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 363 970)

Butchart, R. E. (1986). Dropout prevention through alternative high schools: A study of the national experience. New York: Elmira Board of Cooperative Educational Services. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 273 872)

Carnegie Task Force on Education of Young Adolescents. (1989). Turning points: Preparing American youth for the 21

Catalano, R.F., Arthur, M.W., Hawkins, J.D., Berglund, L., and Olson, J.J. 1998. Comprehensive community- and school-based interventions to prevent antisocial behavior. In Serious and Violent Juvenile Offenders: Risk Factors and Successful Interventions, edited by R. Loeber and D.P. Farrington. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage

Cormier, S. D., Berry, B., McCormick, C., Gredler, M. B., & Wieder, A. (1991). Assessing the impact of an alternative school for at-risk students. Paper presented at the Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association, San Francisco, CA.

DeBlois, R. (1989). Keep at-risk students in school: Toward a curriculum for potential dropouts. NASSP Bulletin, 73, 6-12.

Hahn, A., & Danzberger, J., with Lefkowitz, B. (1987). Dropouts in America: Enough is known for action. A report for policymakers and grantsmakers. Washington, D.C.: Institute for Educational Leadership.

Herbst, D. P., & Sontheimer, H. G. (1987). A synergistic model for a juvenile court administered alternative education program. Journal of Offender Counseling, Services and Rehabilitation, 11, 67-77.

Insights...on education policy and practice
Number 6 December 1995 Alternative Learning Environments http://www.sedl.org/policy/insights/altlearn9512.html

Loeber, R. & Farrington, D.P., Eds. (1998). Serious and Violent Juvenile Offenders: Risk Factors and Successful Interventions, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publishing.

Loeber, R., and Farrington, D.P., eds. 1997. Never Too Early, Never Too Late: Risk Factors and Successful Interventions for Serious and Violent Juvenile Offenders. Final Report. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention

Maguin, E., and Loeber, R. 1996. Academic performance and delinquency. M. Tonry (Ed.)Crime and Justice: A Review of Research, 20. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 145-264.

Morley, R. E. (1991). Alternative education. Dropout prevention research reports. Clemson, S.C.: National Dropout Prevention Center. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. 349 652)

Jacobs, B. (1994). Recommendations for alternative education. A Report to the Joint Select Committee to Review the Central Education Agency. (Contact person: Billy Jacobs, Texas Youth Commission, (512) 483-5000.)

Jordan, T. S., & Jordan, K. F. (1995). State funding of programs and services for at-risk youth. Paper presented at the Southwest Educational Development Laboratory Conference on Alternative Learning Environments, Little Rock, AR.

Kadel, S. (1994). Reengineering high schools for student success. Hot topics: Usable research. Palatka, FL: SouthEastern Regional Vision for Education. (ERIC Document Number 366 076)

Kershaw, C. A., & Blank, M. A. (1993). Student and educator perceptions of the impact of an alternative school structure. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Atlanta, GA.

Korn, C. V. (1991). Alternative American schools: Ideals in action. Albany, N.Y.: State University of New York Press.

Morley, R. E. (1991). Alternative education. Dropout prevention research reports. Clemson, S.C.: National Dropout Prevention Center. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. 349 652)

New Futures for Little Rock Youth. (1993). Materials and newsletters from New Futures, 209 West Capitol Avenue, Little Rock, AR 72201. (Contact person: Dorothy Nayles, Policy Analyst, (501) 374-1011.)

Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP)
http://www.ojjdp.ncjrs.org/index.html

OJJDP provides national leadership, coordination, and resources to prevent and respond to juvenile delinquency and victimization. OJJDP accomplishes this by supporting states and local communities in their efforts to develop and implement effective and coordinated prevention and intervention programs and improve the juvenile justice system so that it protects the public safety, holds offenders accountable, and provides treatment and rehabilitative services tailored to the needs of families and each individual juvenile.

Oklahoma Technical Assistance Center. (1995). Materials and results of evaluations of programs funded by the State Department of Education's Alternative Education Grant Program and High Challenge Grant Program. (Contact persons: Kathy McKean or Sylvia Oleson, (918) 225-1882.)

Raywid, M. A. (1990). Alternative education: The definition problem. Changing Schools, 18, 4-5, 10.

Raywid, M. A. (1994a). Focus schools: A genre to consider. New York: ERIC Clearinghouse on Urban Education, Institute for Urban and Minority Education.

Raywid, M. A. (1994b). The research record. In J. Mintz, R. Solomon, & S. Solomon (Eds.), The Handbook of Alternative Education, New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 7-11.

Rogers, P. C. (1991). At-risk programs: Assessment issues. Center for At-Risk Students, 2, 1-4. Newsletter from the former Center for At-Risk Students housed at LaGuardia Community College, 31-10 Thomson Avenue, Long Island City, N.Y., 11101. (Contact person: Janet Lieberman, (718) 482-7200.)

Session 2
References and Resources:

Casey, K., & Keilitz, I. (1990). Estimating the prevalence of learning disabled and mentally retarded juvenile offenders: A meta-analysis. In P. E. Leone (Ed.), Understanding troubled and troubling youth (pp. 82-101). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

Center on Crime, Communities, and Culture (1997). Education as crime prevention. Occasional Paper Series No. 2: New York: Author.Leone, P. E., & Meisel, S. (1997). Improving education services for students in detention and confinement facilities. Children?s Legal Rights Journal, 71 (1), 2- 12.

Murphy, D. M. (1986). The prevalence of handicapping conditions among juvenile delinquents. Remedial and Special Education, 7(3), 7 - 17.

Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. (1994). Conditions of confinement: Juvenile detention and corrections facilities. Washington, DC: Author.

Rutherford, R. B., Nelson, C. M., & Wolford, B. I. (1986). Special education programming in juvenile corrections. Remedial and Special Education, 7, 27-33.

Snyder, H. N. (1999). Juvenile arrests 1998. Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.

Snyder, H. N. (1998). Juvenile arrests 1997. Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.

Wolford, B., Purnell, B., & Brooks, C. C. (2000). Educating youth in the juvenile justice system. Richmond, KY: National Juvenile Detention Association.

Project READ. (1978). To make a difference. In M. S. Brunner (Ed.), Reduced recidivism and increased employment opportunity through research-based reading instruction (pp. XX). Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (NCJ Publication No. 141324).

U. S. Department of Labor (1997). Profile of the working poor. Washington, DC: Bureau of Justice Statistics.

William T. Grant Foundation (1989). The Forgotten Half: Non-College Youth in America. Washington, DC: Author.

Session 3
Kadel, S. (1994). Reengineering high schools for student success. Hot topics: Usable research. Palatka, FL: SouthEastern Regional Vision for Education. (ERIC Document Number 366 076)

Kershaw, C. A., & Blank, M. A. (1993). Student and educator perceptions of the impact of an alternative school structure. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Atlanta, GA.

Korn, C. V. (1991). Alternative American schools: Ideals in action. Albany, N.Y.: State University of New York Press.
Smith, G. R., Gregory, T. B., & Pugh, R. C. (1981). Meeting student needs: Evidence for the superiority of alternative schools. Phi Delta Kappan, 62, 561-564.

Wehlage, G., Rutter, R. A., Smith, G. A., Lesko, N. & Fernandez, R. R., (1990). Reducing the risk: Schools as communities of support. New York: The Falmer Press.

Whalen, B. (1985). Developing an alternative high school: Dos and don’ts. NASSP Bulletin, 69, 106-109.

Programs for Suspended/Expelled Students
Alternatives to Expulsion
Long Beach Unified School District
701 Locust Avenue
Long Beach, CA 90813
Phone: 310/436-9931, ext. 7139

Barron Assessment and Counseling Center
Boston Public Schools
25 Walk Hill Street
Jamaica Plain, MA 02130

Phone: 617/635-8123

Behavior Change Program
Broward County Public Schools
600 SE Third Avenue, 10th Floor
Fort Lauderdale, FL 33301
Phone: 305/765-6271

Beloit Education Center
1633 Keeler Avenue
Beloit, WI 53511
Beloit Police Department 608/364-6800
Beloit Public Schools: 608/364-6000
Buechel Metropolitan High School
1960 Bashford Manor Lane
Louisville, KY 40218
Phone: 502/485-8316

Central Area Alternative Center
Baltimore County Public Schools
Towson MD 21204
Phone: 410/887-7845

City-As-School
Buffalo Alternative High School
D'Youville College
320 Porter Avenue
Buffalo, NY 14201
Phone: 716/888-7185

CrossRoads Program
McClarin High School
3605 Main Street
College Park, GA 30337
Phone: 404/669-8080

DEAL
Disciplinary Educational Alternative Learning
Parkland High School
Orefield, PA 18069 610/395-4189

Frederick Douglass High School and Academy
2600 Leland
Detroit, MI 48207
Phone: 313/866-6550
Fax: 313/866-6556

Harper Alternative School
Houston Independent School District
Hattie Mae White Administration Building
3830 Richmond Avenue
Houston, TX 77027
Phone: 713/892-6300

I-PASS
Individualized Plan for the Attainment
of Success in School Center
Discipline Clearinghouse
100 East Arcadia Avenue
Columbus, OH 43202 Phone: 614/365-5842
Lapham Park Assessment and Support Center
1758 North 9th Street
Milwaukee, WI 53205
Phone: 414/263-5070

LACEY
Learning Alternative Center for Expelled Youth
2910 S. Beckley
Dallas, IX 75225
Phone: 214/943-9174

John H. Martyn High School
1108 Shrewsbury Road
Jefferson, LA 70121
Phone: 504/833-3711
Fax: 504/835-7309

Memorial High School
5501 Park Avenue
West New York, NJ 07903
Phone: 201/902-1200

Session 4
Dan Sackheim, Education Programs Consultant, Educational Options Office, California Department of Education, at (916) 445-5595 or by e-mail at dsackhei@cde.ca.gov. Information is also available on the Internet at http://www.cde.ca.gov/spbranch/essdiv/dcds_index.html.

http://www.ncsu.edu/cpsv/qareplace.htm Quality Alternative Placements for Suspended or Expelled Students: "Lessons Learned" from the Center for the Prevention of School Violence’s Youth Out of the Education Mainstream Initiative
http://www.ed.gov/offices/OESE/SDFS/actguid/altersc.html Alternative Education Programs for Expelled Students

Session 5

http://ojjdp.ncjrs.org/ojstatbb/html/CORRECTIONS.html Great resource about facts and questions

http://www.extension.ualberta.ca/youthjustice/delin.html Summaries - Delinquency Treatment and Intervention

Title: Teens, Crime, and the Community and Adjudicated Youth.
Author:
Note: 38p.
Publication Year: [1995
Document Type: Non-classroom Material (055); Evaluative Report (142)
Target Audience: Community and Administrators and Practitioners
ERIC Identifier: ED395079
Clearinghouse Identifier: UD030911
Available from: National Crime Prevention Council Fulfillment Center, P.O. Box 1, 100 Church Street, Amsterdam, NY 12101 ($9.95).
This document is available from the ERIC Document Reproduction Service.

Title: Counseling Young Offenders for Rehabilitation and Employment: The Problem and Promise. ERIC Digest.
ERIC Identifier: ED400473
Publication Date: 1995-00-00
Author: Campbell, Donald S.
Source: ERIC Clearinghouse on Counseling and Student Services Greensboro NC, Canadian Guidance and Counseling Foundation Ottawa (Ontario).

"Social development is an investment in people, in communities, and in society, and helps prevent crime; it is also cost effective." H.P. Hepworth, The Economics of Crime Prevention Focus Magazine, July, 1996

National Crime Prevention Council http://www.crime-prevention.org/ncpc/

Voices4Children
Tel: 416.413.0301
Fax: 416.413.1012
Email: voices@voices4children.org

http://www.nomoreyouthjails.org/nmyj/involved.html Justice 4 Youth Coalition

Session 6

References and Resources:

Bortner, M.A. and Williams, L.M. (1997). We the People of Unit Four: Youth in Prison. New York: Routledge
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP)
http://www.ojjdp.ncjrs.org/index.html

Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) Statistical Briefing http://ojjdp.ncjrs.org/ojstatbb/index.html

http://www.nomoreyouthjails.org/nmyj/involved.html Justice 4 Youth Coalition

Juvenile Detention and Correctional Facilities Key Studies

Austin, J. et al. (2000). Juveniles in Adult Prisons and Jails: A National Assessment. Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. Available online: www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/bja/182503.pdf

• Summary: This nationwide study of juveniles in adult correctional facilities documents the number of youth in adult facilities as of 1998, their demographic and offense characteristics, the legal and administrative processes by which such commitments are permitted, the issues faced by adult correctional systems in managing juveniles, and the conditions of juveniles in adult facilities. The data show that approximately 107,000 youth are incarcerated on any given day. Of these, approximately 14,500 are housed in adult facilities. The largest proportion, approximately 9,100 youth, are housed in local jails, and some 5,400 youth are housed in adult prisons.

Hubner J. & Wolfson, J. (1999). Ain’t No Place Anybody Would Want to Be: Conditions of Confinement for Youth. Washington, DC: Coalition for Juvenile Justice. Available through Coalition for Juvenile Justice. Tel: 202/467-0864; Email: info@juvjustice.org

• Summary: This report on conditions of confinement for youth in the United States finds that youth get little or no treatment or rehabilitative programs and services in correctional facilities. Other findings show that 10% of the 85,000 juveniles who are incarcerated on a given day are in adult facilities; 33% of the juveniles in detention facilities are there for violent offenses such as assault, rape, murder and robbery; and 75% of the juveniles are in overcrowded facilities.

Kilbourne, S. (1999). Children Behind Bars: Youth Who are Detained, Incarcerated and Executed. Washington, DC: Youth Advocate Program International. Tel: 202/244-1986; Email: yapi@igc.org

• Summary: A booklet about incarcerated children in the U.S. and worldwide, presenting the effects of incarceration on children and conditions of confinement. Strategies for improvement, such as alternatives to incarceration, are also highlighted.

National Juvenile Detention Association and the Youth Law Center. (1998). Crowding in Juvenile Detention Centers: A Problem Solving Manual. Available through National Juvenile Detention Association. Tel: 606/622-6259.

• Summary: A survey of the problems of crowding and possible solutions to detention overuse. Topics include: incarceration and pregnancy, prostitution, dispositional alternative projects, private for-profit placements, and legal challenges within the juvenile justice system.

Parent, D. & Abt Associates. (1994). Research Summary: Conditions of confinement: juvenile detention and corrections facilities. Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, U.S. Department of Justice. Available through the Juvenile Justice Clearinghouse. Tel: 800/638-8736.

• Summary: The findings of this most comprehensive national study of detention conditions ever conducted show substantial deficiencies in living space, health care, security, and control of suicidal behavior. The study suggests other deficiencies in educational and treatment services; access to the community; and limits on staff discretion in such matters as the use of isolation, restraints and searches.
Pathways to Juvenile Detention Reform. (1999). The Juvenile Detention Alternatives Initiative. Baltimore, MD: The Annie E. Casey Foundation. Available through Annie E. Casey Foundation. Tel: 410/547-6600; Website: www.aecf.org.

• Summary: This series of 13 publications provides practical information for understanding and implementing juvenile detention reform, based on the innovative policies and practices developed by jurisdictions participating in the Casey Foundation's Juvenile Detention Alternatives Initiative. Each guide offers detailed descriptions of specific detention reform strategies, along with lessons learned and technical assistance resources.

Puritz, P. & Scali, M. (1998). Beyond the Walls: Improving Conditions of Confinement for Youth in Custody. Washington, DC: American Bar Association. Available through Juvenile Justice Clearinghouse. Tel: 800/638-8736.

• Summary: This report presents methods for improving oversight, monitoring, and services for detained and committed youth. It may be used by attorneys, parents, child advocates, and others interested in improving the quality of care received by juveniles in training schools and detention centers across the country. The suggested methods are: Civil Rights of Institutionalized Persons Act (CRIPA); Ombudsman Programs; Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA); Protection and Advocacy Systems (P&A's); Administrative Procedure Act (APA); and Self-Assessment.

Sickmund, M. & Snyder, H. (1999). Juvenile Offenders and Victims: 1999 National Report. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. Available through the Juvenile Justice Clearinghouse. Tel: 800/638-8736

• Summary: This comprehensive report presents data from Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention’s new national Census of Juveniles in Residential Placement, summarizing key findings about the characteristics of juvenile offenders in custody.

------. (2000). State Custody Rates, 1997. Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. Available through the Juvenile Justice Clearinghouse. Tel: 800/638-8736

• Summary: This report presents state-by-state statistics on custody rates for juvenile delinquents and status offenders held in public and private facilities. Using Census of Juveniles in Residential Placement (CJRP) findings for 1997, the report compares the role of private facilities, where most status offenders are held, with that of public facilities, where most delinquent offenders are detained. State rankings based solely on custody rates for delinquents in public facilities differ from rankings based on rates for all juveniles in both public and private facilities.

• ------. (2000). Census of Juveniles in Residential Placement Databook. Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. Available through the Juvenile Justice Summary: This fact sheet provides information on the Census of Juveniles in Residential Placement (CJRP) Databook. The CJRP Databook is an online interactive data dissemination tool that provides information about juvenile offenders in residential placement. It can address a wide variety of questions about juvenile detention, corrections, and placement.
Schiraldi, V. & Zeidenberg, J. (2002). Reducing Disproportionate Minority Confinement: The Multnomah County, Oregon Success Story and its Implications. Washington, DC: Justice Policy Institute. Available through Justice Policy Institute. Tel: 202/737-7270; Website: www.cjcj.org.

• Summary: This study shows that Multnomah County in Portland, Oregon reduced racial disparities in juvenile detention and lowered juvenile crime through a series of juvenile detention reforms. The results indicate that Portland leads the nation in successfully reducing racial disparity in juvenile detention.